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TIME: Almanac 1995
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TIME Almanac 1995.iso
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1993-04-15
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<text id=90TT0203>
<link 90TT3242>
<link 89TT3098>
<title>
Jan. 22, 1990: From Now On, Bring Cash
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
Jan. 22, 1990 A Murder In Boston
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
ART, Page 73
From Now On, Bring Cash
</hdr>
<body>
<p>As a huge loan deal comes unraveled, Sotheby's trims its policy
</p>
<p> Even people who can contemplate dropping, say, $25 million
on a painting occasionally need a little help. And in recent
years, as art prices steamed ever higher, Sotheby's, the
international auction house, has been happy to oblige. When a
particularly coveted painting came on the block, Sotheby's told
favored customers that it would loan them up to half of
whatever they bid and let the painting itself serve as
collateral. With terms like those, skeptics mused, is it any
wonder that art prices (and Sotheby's commissions) soared? "The
auction houses turned the art market into a financial market,"
charges Manhattan art dealer Richard Feigen. "A responsible
market doesn't allow you to wear two hats."
</p>
<p> Last week Sotheby's did not quite remove one hat, but it
grudgingly hung its head. CEO Michael Ainslie announced that,
in view of widespread criticism of the practice, the auction
house will no longer offer loans using the work of art as
collateral. Sotheby's will, however, continue to make other,
secured loans. It will also continue "guaranteeing" minimum
prices to sellers, a practice that many dealers and collectors
charge makes the auction house in effect an interim buyer and
compromises its standing as a disinterested agent.
</p>
<p> "Our concern is that the art market be a credible place,"
says Ainslie, explaining why he was dropping the loan
arrangement he had until recently so staunchly defended. If
anything had cast doubts on the market's credibility, it was
news that Sotheby's most flagrant loan deal seemed to be coming
unraveled. As has been rumored for months, the world's most
expensive painting, Van Gogh's Irises, appears to be headed
back on the market.
</p>
<p> It was only two years ago that Sotheby's auctioned Irises
to Australian plutocrat Alan Bond for a record $53.9 million.
The timing was critical. Coming as it did one month after the
1987 stock-market crash, the sale allowed Sotheby's to claim
that works of art held their value through financial crises.
But last October it was revealed that to enable Bond to make
the purchase, Sotheby's had lent him $27 million. "Whatever the
arrangement, it helped to raise the inflationary value of that
particular picture," asserts Christopher Burge, president of
Sotheby's starchy rival, Christie's. Like most auction houses,
Christie's helps buyers find financing from banks but will not
lend money itself; nor does it offer guarantees to sellers.
</p>
<p> Bond's worldwide brewing, real estate and communications
empire is now $5.5 billion in debt, and he is trying to fight
off his creditors in a Melbourne court. Against that backdrop,
the mere millions that a resale of Irises might bring him is
small beer. Nonetheless, the pressure on him to liquidate it
is real, especially since he has not been able to keep up with
the payments and Sotheby's has had to roll over its loan.
Reportedly, Irises is not even in Bond's possession but has
been stashed by Sotheby's in a vault somewhere, perhaps in
Switzerland. A spokesman for Dallhold Investments, Bond's
private company, says Bond is not actively trying to sell the
painting "despite the procession of agents who keep calling."
The spokesman adds, however, that "anything and everything is
for sale at a price."
</p>
<p> Ainslie points out that Sotheby's has made only six such
loans on artworks worth more than $1 million. It was perception
more than principle that prompted the auction house to abandon
the practice. "Six clients don't inflate a market," says
Ainslie. "Do we regret [the policy]? No. Are we changing
because of the market's perception? Yes." He rejected any
suggestion that Sotheby's was worried about losing business.
"You don't grow from $400 million to nearly $3 billion in
annual sales within five years if people don't have confidence
in you," he says. Still, Ainslie concedes that the timing was
intended to avoid any ruckus before Sotheby's big spring sales
of impressionist paintings in New York City and London.
</p>
<p> Whatever the motive, Sotheby's decision brought cheer to the
art community. "I welcome it," said Manhattan dealer Andre
Emmerich, "because it will deflate the hyperinflationary
atmosphere." Though the announcement may help restore buyer
confidence that bids are not being manipulated, few dealers
expect that prices will drop. "One way or another, the prices
are going to go up," says Feigen. "But I'd rather it be natural
than artificial."
</p>
<p> Whether the price of Irises will go up remains to be seen.
By selling it so soon, if he sells it, Bond risks lowering its
value, since it is in part the elusiveness of great
masterpieces that gives them their cachet. "It's certainly a
lovely picture," says Burge wistfully. "I hope we don't lose
sight of that amidst all the money and the greed."
</p>
<p>By Nancy Gibbs. Reported by Janice C. Simpson/New York.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>